Jørgen Jensen

• Pietzner, Maik; Uluvar, Bululca; Kolnes, Kristoffer Jensen; Jeppesen, Per Bendix; Frivold, Victoria & Skattebo, Øyvind [Show all 14 contributors for this article] (2024). Systemic proteome adaptions to 7-day complete caloric restriction in humans. Nature Metabolism. doi: 10.1038/s42255-024-01008-9.
• Clauss, Matthieu; Bukhardt, Meike; Wøber, Sophie; Skålhegg, Bjørn Steen & Jensen, Jørgen (2024). Effect of five hours of mixed exercise on urinary nitrogen excretion in healthy moderate-to-well-trained young adults. Frontiers in Nutrition. ISSN 2296-861X. 11, p. 1–11. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1345922.
• Nilsen, Lotte LK; Tandrup, Max Norman; Haubek, Dorte; Bastani, Nasser Ezzatkhah; Skålhegg, Bjørn Steen & Overgaard, Kristian [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2024). The Effect of Alginate Encapsulated Plant-Based Carbohydrate and Protein Supplementation on Recovery and Subsequent Performance in Athletes. Nutrients. ISSN 2072-6643. 16(3). doi: 10.3390/nu16030413.
• Clauss, Matthieu; Skattebo, Øyvind; Rasen Dæhli, Malin; Valsdottir, Thorhildur Ditta; Bastani, Nasser Ezzatkhah & Johansen, Egil Ivar [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2023). Carbohydrate Ingestion during Prolonged Cycling Improves Next-Day Time Trial Performance and Alters Amino Acid Concentrations. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. ISSN 0195-9131. 55(12), p. 2228–2240. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000003264.
• Christensen, Dirk L.; Westgate, Kate; Griffiths, Lewis; Sironga, Joseph; Maro, Venance P. & Helge, Jørn W. [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2023). Energy expenditure and intensity of ritual jumping–dancing in male Maasai. American Journal of Human Biology. ISSN 1042-0533. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.23907. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Objectives: Traditional jumping–dance rituals performed by Maasai men involve prolonged physical exertion that may contribute significantly to overall physical activity level. We aimed to objectively quantify the metabolic intensity of jumping–dance activity and assess associations with habitual physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Methods: Twenty Maasai men (18–37 years) from rural Tanzania volunteered to participate in the study. Habitual physical activity was monitored using combined heart rate (HR) and movement sensing over 3 days, and jumping–dance engagement was self-reported. A 1-h jumping–dance session resembling a traditional ritual was organized, during which participants' vertical acceleration and HR were monitored. An incremental, submaximal 8-min step test was performed to calibrate HR to physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) and assess CRF. Results: Mean (range) habitual PAEE was 60 (37–116) kJ day−1 kg−1, and CRF was 43 (32–54) mL O2 min−1 kg−1. The jumping–dance activity was performed at an absolute HR of 122 (83–169) beats·min−1, and PAEE of 283 (84–484) J min−1 kg−1 or 42 (18–75)% when expressed relative to CRF. The total PAEE for the session was 17 (range 5–29) kJ kg−1, ~28% of the daily total. Self-reported engagement in habitual jumping–dance frequency was 3.8 (1–7) sessions/week, with a total duration of 2.1 (0.5–6.0) h/session. Conclusions: Intensity during traditional jumping–dance activity was moderate, but on average sevenfold higher than habitual physical activity. These rituals are common, and can make a substantial contribution to overall physical activity in Maasai men, and thus be promoted as a culture-specific activity to increase energy expenditure and maintain good health in this population.

• Fenne, Karoline Tusvik; Clauss, Matthieu; Olstad, Daniela Schäfer; Johansen, Egil Ivar & Jensen, Jørgen (2023). An Acute Bout of Endurance Exercise Does Not Prevent the Inhibitory Effect of Caffeine on Glucose Tolerance the following Morning. Nutrients. ISSN 2072-6643. 15(8). doi: 10.3390/nu15081941. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Caffeine reduces glucose tolerance, whereas exercise training improves glucose homeostasis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of caffeine on glucose tolerance the morning after an acute bout of aerobic exercise. Methods: The study had a 2 × 2 factorial design. Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) were performed after overnight fasting with/without caffeine and with/without exercise the evening before. Eight healthy young active males were included (Age 25.5 ± 1.5 years; 83.9 ± 9.0 kg; VO2max: 54.3 ± 7.0 mL·kg−1·min−1). The exercise session consisted of 30 min cycling at 71% of VO2max followed by four 5 min intervals at 84% with 3 min of cycling at 40% of VO2max between intervals. The exercise was performed at 17:00 h. Energy expenditure at each session was ~976 kcal. Lactate increased to ~8 mM during the exercise sessions. Participants arrived at the laboratory the following morning at 7.00 AM after an overnight fast. Resting blood samples were taken before blood pressure and heart rate variability (HRV) were measured. Caffeine (3 mg/kg bodyweight) or placebo (similar taste/flavor) was ingested, and blood samples, blood pressure and HRV were measured after 30 min. Next, the OGTTs were initiated (75 g glucose dissolved in 3 dL water) and blood was sampled. Blood pressure and HRV were measured during the OGTT. Caffeine increased the area under curve (AUC) for glucose independently of whether exercise was done the evening before (p = 0.03; Two-way ANOVA; Interaction: p = 0.835). Caffeine did not significantly increase AUC for C-peptides compared to placebo (p = 0.096), and C-peptide response was not influenced by exercise. The acute bout of exercise did not significantly improve glucose tolerance the following morning. Diastolic blood pressure during the OGTT was slightly higher after intake of caffeine, independent of whether exercise was performed the evening before or not. Neither caffeine nor exercise the evening before significantly influenced HRV. In conclusion, caffeine reduced glucose tolerance independently of whether endurance exercise was performed the evening before. The low dose of caffeine did not influence heart rate variability but increased diastolic blood pressure slightly.

• Sollie, Ove; Clauss, Matthieu; Jeppesen, Per Bendix; Tangen, Daniel S.; Johansen, Egil Ivar & Skålhegg, Bjørn Steen [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2023). Similar performance after intake of carbohydrate plus whey protein and carbohydrate only in the early phase after non-exhaustive cycling. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. ISSN 0905-7188. 33(7), p. 1091–1103. doi: 10.1111/sms.14364. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Aim: The aim of the present study was to compare performance 5 h after a 90-min endurance training session when either carbohydrate only or carbohydrate with added whey hydrolysate or whey isolate was ingested during the first 2 h of the recovery period. Methods: Thirteen highly trained competitive male cyclists completed three exercise and diet interventions (double-blinded, randomized, crossover design) separated by 1 week. The 90-min morning session (EX1) included a 60 min time-trial (TT60). Immediately and 1 h after exercise, participants ingested either (1) 1.2 g carbohydrate∙kg−1∙h−1 (CHO), (2) 0.8 g carbohydrate∙kg−1∙h−1 + 0.4 g isolate whey protein∙kg−1∙h−1 (ISO) or (3) 0.8 g carbohydrate∙kg−1∙h−1 + 0.4 g hydrolysate whey protein∙kg−1∙h−1 (HYD). Additional intakes were identical between interventions. After 5 h of recovery, participants completed a time-trial performance (TTP) during which a specific amount of work was performed. Blood and urine were collected throughout the day. Results: TTP did not differ significantly between dietary interventions (CHO: 43:54 ± 1:36, ISO: 46:55 ± 2:32, HYD: 44:31 ± 2:01 min). Nitrogen balance during CHO was lower than ISO (p < 0.0001) and HYD (p < 0.0001), with no difference between ISO and HYD (p = 0.317). In recovery, the area under the curve for blood glucose was higher in CHO compared to ISO and HYD. HR, VO2, RER, glucose, and lactate during EX2 were similar between interventions. Conclusion: Performance did not differ after 5 h of recovery whether carbohydrate only or isocaloric carbohydrate plus protein was ingested during the first 2 h. Correspondingly, participants were not in negative nitrogen balance in any dietary intervention.

• Valsdottir, Thorhildur Ditta; Øvrebø, Bente; Kornfeldt, Thea Martine; Litleskare, Sigbjørn; Johansen, Egil Ivar & Henriksen, Christine [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2023). Effect of aerobic exercise and low-carbohydrate high-fat diet on glucose tolerance and android/gynoid fat in overweight/obese women: A randomized controlled trial. Frontiers in Physiology. ISSN 1664-042X. 14. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1056296. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The study was designed to compare the effects of weight loss induced by a low-carbohydrate-high-fat diet or a normal diet, with and without exercise, on glucose tolerance measured as area under the curve (AUC), and android (A) and gynoid (G) fat distribution. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov; NCT04100356. In total, 57 women classified as overweight or obese (age 40 ± 3.5 years, body mass index 31.1 ± 2.6 kg/m2) were randomly assigned and completed a 10-week intervention using a low-carbohydrate high-fat diet or a normal diet, with or without aerobic interval exercise. An equal deficit of 700 kcal/day was prescribed, either restricting the diet only, or moderately restricting diet and including three 50-min high-intensity bicycle sessions per week. There were thus four groups: normal diet (NORM); low-carbohydrate-high-fat diet (LCHF); normal diet with exercise (NORM-EX); and low-carbohydrate-high-fat diet with exercise (LCHF-EX). Linear mixed models was used to assess differences between groups. With all groups pooled, the intervention resulted in a weight loss of 6.7 ± 2.5% (p < 0.001). The intervention did not result in differences between groups in AUC glucose, nor in fasting glucose or indicis for insulin resistance such as Homeostatic Model Assessment, Matsuda Insulin Sensitivity Index, insulinogenic index and disposition index. Post-intervention android fat was lower in LCHF than NORM (3,223 ± 727 vs. 2,533 ± 535 g, p = 0.041). LCHF reached a lower A/G ratio than NORM (0.94 ± 0.12 vs. 1.04 ± 0.09, p = 0.011) and LCHF-EX (0.94 ± 0.12 vs. 1.09 ± 0.09, p < 0.001) after the intervention. LCHF resulted in lower android fat mass compared to NORM and the lowest A/G ratio compared to the other matched groups, but with no accompanying improvement in AUC glucose. In conclusion, although all groups achieved improvements in glucose tolerance, no superior effect was observed with the LCHF diet, neither with nor without exercise.

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• Clauss, Matthieu; Burkhardt, Meike; Wöber, Sophie; Skålhegg, Bjørn Steen & Jensen, Jørgen (2024). Corrigendum: Effect of five hours of mixed exercise on urinary nitrogen excretion in healthy moderate-to-well-trained young adults, (Front. Nutr, (2024), 11, (1345922), 10.3389/fnut.2024.1345922). Frontiers in Nutrition. ISSN 2296-861X. 11. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1406641.
• I.Gonzales, Tomas; Westgate, Kate; Strain, Tessa; Hollidge, Stefanie; Jeon, Justin & Christensen, Dirk L. [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2023). Author Correction: Cardiorespiratory fitness assessment using risk-stratified exercise testing and dose–response relationships with disease outcomes (Scientific Reports, (2021), 11, 1, (15315), 10.1038/s41598-021-94768-3). Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 13(1). doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-44856-3.

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