Oddbjørn Klomsten Andersen

• Kolnes, Liv-Jorunn; Stensrud, Trine & Andersen, Oddbjørn Klomsten (2024). A multidimensional strategy to managing dysfunctional breathing and exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction in adolescent athletes. BMC sports science, medicine and rehabilitation. ISSN 2052-1847. 16(1). doi: 10.1186/s13102-023-00804-2. Show summary

  Background: Exercise induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) causes inspiratory distress in the upper airway in many adolescent athletes. The nature of EILO is not fully understood, and effective management strategies are lacking. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a multidimensional individually tailored intervention, including Norwegian Psychomotor Physiotherapy (NPMP), elements of cognitive behavioural therapy and a rehabilitation plan, in reducing inspiratory distress and dysfunctional breathing in adolescent athletes with EILO. Methods: A mixed methods design, which combined qualitative and quantitative research, was used. Data, including subjective experiences of respiratory distress, findings from body examinations and objective measurements of lung function and aerobic capacity were gathered before and after a five month intervention involving 18 participants. Results: Following the intervention, the participants showed a reduction in respiratory distress and anxiousness associated with their breathing difficulties. Furthermore, the participants reported to be more in control of their breathing. The body assessments revealed a more functional breathing motion and improved posture, which imply that the breathing was less thoracic and more diaphragmatic in rest and exercise in all participants after the intervention. Conclusions: Our results suggest that a multidimensional individually tailored intervention, including NPMP based physiotherapy, cognitive behavioural therapy elements, and a rehabilitation plan may reduce inspiratory distress and dysfunctional breathing in athletes with EILO.

• Yitayew, Teferi Mekonnen; Papadopoulou, Eleni Zoumpoulia; Lien, Nanna; Andersen, Lene Frost; Pinho, Maria Gabriela Matias & Havdal, Hanne Hennig [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2023). Mediators of parental educational differences in the intake of carbonated sugar-sweetened soft drinks among adolescents, and the moderating role of neighbourhood income. Nutrition Journal. ISSN 1475-2891. 22. doi: 10.1186/s12937-023-00872-7. Full text in Research Archive
• Coutinho, Sílvia; Andersen, Oddbjørn Klomsten; Lien, Nanna & Gebremariam, Mekdes (2023). Neighborhood deprivation, built environment, and overweight in adolescents in the city of Oslo. BMC Public Health. ISSN 1471-2458. 23. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-15261-2. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background: Even though the social and built environment characteristics of neighborhoods have been studied as potential determinants of social inequalities in obesity among adults, fewer studies have focused on children. Our first aim was to investigate whether there were differences in the food and physical activity environments between different neighborhood deprivation levels in the city of Oslo. We also explored whether there was an association between the prevalence of overweight (including obesity) among adolescents and (i) neighborhood deprivation levels and (ii) food and physical activity environments of the neighborhoods they live in. Methods: We conducted a food and physical activity environment mapping (using ArcGIS Pro) in all neighborhoods of Oslo, which were defined by administrative boundaries (sub-districts). The neighborhood deprivation score was calculated based on the percentage of households living in poverty, unemployment in the neighborhood, and residents with low education. A cross-sectional study including 802 seventh graders from 28 primary schools in Oslo residing in 75 out of 97 sub-districts in Oslo was also performed. MANCOVA and partial correlations were ran to compare the built environment distribution between different neighborhood deprivation levels, and multilevel logistic regression analyses were used to explore the effect of neighborhood deprivation and the food and physical activity environments on childhood overweight. Results: We found that deprived neighborhoods had greater availability of fast food restaurants and fewer indoor recreational facilities compared to low-deprived neighborhoods. Additionally, we observed that the residential neighborhoods of the adolescents with overweight had greater availability of grocery and convenience stores when compared to the residential neighborhoods of the adolescents without overweight. Adolescents living in neighborhoods with high deprivation had a two-fold higher odds (95% CI = 1.1–3.8) to have overweight compared to adolescents living in neighborhoods with low deprivation, regardless of participants’ ethnicity and parental education. However, the built environment did not determine the relationship between neighborhood deprivation and overweight in adolescents. Conclusion: The neighborhoods in Oslo with higher deprivation levels had more obesogenic characteristics than the low-deprived neighborhoods. Adolescents living in high-deprived neighborhoods were more likely to have overweight than their counterparts from low-deprived neighborhoods. Thus, preventive measures targeting adolescents from high-deprived neighborhoods should be put in place in order to reduce incidence of overweight.

• Andersen, Oddbjørn Klomsten; Gebremariam, Mekdes; Kolle, Elin & Tarp, Jakob (2022). Socioeconomic position, built environment and physical activity among children and adolescents: a systematic review of mediating and moderating effects. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. ISSN 1479-5868. 19. doi: 10.1186/s12966-022-01385-y. Show summary

  Background: Physical activity behaviors among children and adolescents are socioeconomically patterned. Understanding if, and how, the built environment contributes to socioeconomic inequalities in physical activity and for whom built environments are most important, can lead to the identification of intervention entry points to reduce inequalities in physical activity. Objective: To summarize the existing evidence among children and adolescents on (a) whether the built environment mediates the association between socioeconomic position and physical activity and (b) whether socioeconomic position moderates the association between the built environment and physical activity. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO and Web of Science. Two independent reviewers screened articles for eligibility, extracted information from included studies and assessed risk of bias with the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional studies. We performed a narrative evidence synthesis considering the totality of the evidence and by study characteristics such as geographic region, age group, and exposure-outcome assessment methodology. The reporting was conducted in agreement with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. Results: A total of 28 papers were included. In general, the studies were of low methodological quality. There was no evidence to support that the built environment functions as a mediator in the relationship between socioeconomic position and physical activity. We observed inconclusive moderation patterns with five studies reporting stronger associations between features of the built environment and physical activity among high socioeconomic positioned youths. Seven studies reported stronger associations among low socioeconomic positioned youth and fourteen studies reported no difference in associations. We observed different moderation patterns across geographical regions (Europe vs. US) indicating that, in Europe, having a walkable neighborhood is important for low socioeconomic positioned youth only. No differences in moderation patterns were observed for younger vs. older children or activity domains. Conclusion: Current evidence does not support a strong interplay between built environment and socioeconomic position on physical activity in youth. However, given the low quality of the evidence, firm conclusions cannot be made, and additional high-quality research is likely to have substantial impact on the evidence base.

• Havdal, Hanne Hennig; Fosse, Elisabeth Minda; Gebremariam, Mekdes; Stronks, Karien; Andersen, Oddbjørn Klomsten & Lien, Nanna (2022). Does the socioeconomic positioned neighbourhood matter? Norwegian adolescents’ perceptions of barriers and facilitators for physical activity. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. ISSN 1403-4948. doi: 10.1177/14034948211066673. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background and aims: A higher proportion of adolescents from lower socioeconomic position families tend to be less physically active than their counterparts from higher socioeconomic position families. More research is needed to understand the causes of these differences, particularly the influence of the neighbourhood environment. This qualitative study aims to explore how adolescents and their parents from higher and lower socioeconomic neighbourhoods perceive the social, organisational and physical environment influencing adolescents’ physical activity behaviours. Method: We conducted six semi-structured focus groups with 35 13–14-year-olds and eight interviews with some of their parents. The interviewees were recruited from one higher and two lower socioeconomic neighbourhoods in Oslo, Norway. Theme-based coding was used for analysis, and the results discussed in light of an ecological framework. Results: The results indicate that factors like social norms in a neighbourhood could shape adolescents’ physical activity behaviour, and a social norm of an active lifestyle seemed to be an essential facilitator in the higher socioeconomic neighbourhood. Higher availability of physical activity and high parental engagement seemed to facilitate higher physical activity in this neighbourhood. In the lower socioeconomic neighbourhoods, the availability of local organised physical activity and volunteer engagement from parents varied. Programmes from the municipality and volunteer organisations seemed to influence and be essential for adolescents’ physical activity behaviour in these neighbourhoods. Conclusions: The results illustrate the complexity of behaviour and environment interaction, and a limitation in explaining the phenomenon by focusing primarily on the individual level rather than an ecological perspective.

• Andersen, Oddbjørn Klomsten; O'Halloran, Siobhan Anne; Kolle, Elin; Lien, Nanna; Lakerveld, Jeroen & Arah, Onyebuchi A. [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2021). Adapting the SPOTLIGHT Virtual Audit Tool to assess food and activity environments relevant for adolescents: a validity and reliability study. International Journal of Health Geographics. ISSN 1476-072X. 20:4, p. 1–14. doi: 10.1186/s12942-021-00258-0. Full text in Research Archive
• Brynjulfsen, Trine; Demmelmaier, Ingrid; Berntsen, Sveinung; Foyn, Tonje Hellum; Andersen, Oddbjørn Klomsten & Stang, Julie [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2020). Motivation for physical activity in adolescents with asthma. Journal of Asthma. ISSN 0277-0903. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2020.1778025. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Objective: We explored motivation for physical activity (PA) and exercise in adolescents with asthma who entered and continued a 10-week play-based exercise intervention. Methods: Eighteen adolescents with asthma, aged 13–17 years, participated in a 10-week play- and interval-based indoor exercise intervention during winter and autumn months. Semi-structured focus group interviews were conducted in weeks 2 and 8, focusing on motivation for PA and exercise, as well as field observations of exercise sessions in weeks 2, 6, and 8. The first interview was analyzed separately from the second one and descriptive observational data were obtained using thematic analysis and self-determination theory as a framework. Results: In the first round of focus group interviews, participants (n = 18) described amotivation and motivation for PA within the following five themes: “teachers’ lack of asthma knowledge”, “embarrassment over asthma symptoms”, “not being able to keep pace with peers”, “seasonal challenges”, and “mastering fun physical activities”. Based on the second interview (n = 14) and descriptive observational data (n = 18), participants reported and revealed amotivation and motivation for PA within the following four themes: “understanding and relatedness”, “social support”, “competition”, and “mastering fun activities”. Conclusion: We conclude that play-based exercises designed for groups of adolescents with asthma can support motivation for PA and exercise and reduce social and asthma-specific barriers.

• Andersen, Oddbjørn Klomsten; Clarsen, Benjamin; Garthe, Ina; Mørland, Morten & Stensrud, Trine (2018). Bone health in elite Norwegian endurance cyclists and runners: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open sport & exercise medicine. ISSN 2055-7647. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2018-000449.
• Andersen, Oddbjørn Klomsten; Clarsen, Benjamin; Garthe, Ina; Mørland, Morten & Stensrud, Trine (2018). Bone health in elite Norwegian endurance cyclists and runners: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open sport & exercise medicine. ISSN 2055-7647. 4(1). doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2018-000449. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background: Athletes who compete in non-weight-bearing activities such as swimming and cycling are at risk of developing low bone mineral density (BMD). Athletes in long-distance running are at risk of low BMD. Objective: (1) To evaluate the bone health in Norwegian male and female national elite road cyclists and middle-distance and long-distance runners, and to identify cases of low BMD. (2) To identify possible risk factors associated with low BMD. Methods: Twenty-one runners (11 females and 10 males) and 19 road cyclists (7 females and 12 males) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measurement of BMD in total body, femoral neck and lumbar spine was measured. Participants completed a questionnaire regarding training, injuries, calcium intake and health variables. Results: The cyclists had lower BMD for all measured sites compared with the runners (p≤0.05). Ten of 19 cyclists were classified as having low BMD according to American College of Sports Medicine criteria (Z-score ≤−1), despite reporting to train heavy resistance training on the lower extremities. Low BMD was site specific having occurred in the lumbar spine and the femoral neck and was not confined to females. Type of sport was the only factor significantly associated with low BMD. Conclusion: National elite Norwegian road cyclists had lower BMD compared with runners, and a large proportion was classified as having low BMD, despite having performed heavy resistance training. Interventions to increase BMD in this population should be considered.

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• Westergren, Thomas; Stang, Julie; Stensrud, Trine; Andersen, Oddbjørn Klomsten; Sigdestad, Joakim Bordvik & Brynjulfsen, Trine [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2019). Exercise adherence and psychological needs satisfaction in the PhysicaL activity and Asthma in Youth (PLAY) intervention.

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