Olav Vikmoen

• Vikmoen, Olav; Teien, Hilde Kristin; Tansø, Rita; Aandstad, Anders; Lander, Elise & Cumming, Kristoffer Toldnes [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2023). Effects of a 10-d Military Field Exercise on Body Composition, Physical Performance, and Muscle Cells in Men and Women. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. ISSN 0195-9131. 56(4), p. 682–696. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000003340. Show summary

  Purpose: To investigate the effects of a demanding military field exercise on physical performance, body composition and muscle cellular outcomes in men and women. Methods: Ten men (20.5 ± 0.5 years) and 8 women (21.4 ± 1.4 years) completed a 10-day field exercise consisting of extensive physical activity with food and sleep restriction. Acquisition of body composition, physical performance, blood and muscle biopsies samples were done before and 1,7 and 14 days after the exercise. Results: There were no sex differences in the response to the exercise. Body mass was decreased with 5.6 ± 1.8% and fat mass with 31 ± 11% during the exercise. Both were still reduced after 14 days (2.5 ± 2.3%, p˂0.001 and 12.5 ± 7.7%, p˂0.001 respectively). Isometric leg strength did not change. Peak leg extension torque at 240 °·s-1 and counter movement jump height were reduced with 4.6 ± 4.8% (p = 0.012) and 6.7 ± 6.2% (p˂0.001) respectively and was still reduced after 14 days (4.3 ± 4.2%, p = 0.002, and 4.1 ± 4.7%, p = 0.030). No changes occurred in fiber CSA, fiber types, proteins involved in calcium handling or HSP70. During the exercise, αB-crystallin levels decreased by 14 ± 19% (p = 0.024) in the cytosolic fraction and staining intensity on muscle sections tended to increase (17 ± 25%, p = 0.076). MuRF1 levels in the cytosolic fraction tended to decrease (19 ± 35%) and increased with 85 ± 105% (p = 0.003) in the cytoskeletal fraction 1 week after the exercise. Conclusions: The field exercise resulted in reduced body mass and physical performance in both sexes. The ability to produce force at high contraction velocities and explosive strength was more affected than isometric strength, but this was not related to any changes in fiber type composition, fiber area, Ca2+ handling or fiber type specific muscle damage.

• Vikmoen, Olav; Wiestad, Tor Helge; Thormodsen, Inger; Nordin, Karin; Berntsen, Sveinung & Demmelmaier, Ingrid [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2022). Effects of High and Low-To-Moderate Intensity Exercise During (Neo-) Adjuvant Chemotherapy on Muscle Cells, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Muscle Function in Women With Breast Cancer: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Research Protocols. ISSN 1929-0748. 11(11). doi: 10.2196/40811.
• Vikmoen, Olav & Rønnestad, Bent (2021). A comparison of the effect of strength training on cycling performance between men and women. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology. ISSN 2411-5142. 6(1). doi: 10.3390/jfmk6010029. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  During the last decade numerous review articles have been published on how concurrent strength and endurance training affect cycling performance. However, none of these have reviewed if there are any sex differences in the effects of concurrent training on cycling performance, and most research in this area has been performed with male cyclists. Thus, the aim of the current paper is to review the scientific literature on the effect of concurrent training on cycling performance in male and female cyclists with a special emphasis on potential sex differences. The results indicate that both male and female cyclists experience a similar beneficial effect from concurrent training on cycling performance and its physiological determinants compared to normal endurance training only. Some data indicate that women have a larger effect on cycling economy, but more studies are needed to explore this further. Furthermore, the adaptations to strength training thought to be responsible for the beneficial effects on cycling performance seem to be very similar between men and women. Interestingly, increased muscle cross-sectional area in the main locomotor muscles seems to be an important adaptation for improved performance, and, contrary to popular belief, cyclists should aim for increased muscle cross-sectional area when adding strength training to their normal training. We conclude that both male and female cyclists can improve their cycling performance by adding strength training to their normal training.

• Strandberg, Emelie; Vassbakk-Svindland, Karianne; Henriksson, Anna; Johansson, Birgitta; Vikmoen, Olav & Kudrén, David [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2021). Effects of heavy-load resistance training during (neo-)adjuvant chemotherapy on muscle cellular outcomes in women with breast cancer. Medicine. ISSN 0025-7974. 100(10). doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000024960.
• Vikmoen, Olav; Raastad, Truls; Ellefsen, Stian & Rønnestad, Bent (2020). Adaptations to strength training differ between endurance-trained and untrained women. European Journal of Applied Physiology. ISSN 1439-6319. 120(7), p. 1541–1549. doi: 10.1007/s00421-020-04381-x. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate if endurance athletes, sustaining their normal endurance training, experience attenuated adaptations to strength training compared to untrained individuals. Methods: Eleven non-strength-trained female endurance athletes (E + S) added 11 weeks of strength training to their normal endurance training (5.1 ± 1.1 h per week), and 10 untrained women (S) performed the same strength training without any endurance training. The strength training consisted of four leg exercises [3 × 4 − 10 repetition maximum (RM)], performed twice a week for 11 weeks. Results: E + S and S displayed similar increases in 1RM one-legged leg press (E + S 39 ± 19%, S 42 ± 17%, p < 0.05), maximal isometric torque in knee extension (E + S 12 ± 11%, S 8 ± 10%, p < 0.05) and lean mass in the legs (E + S 3 ± 4%, S 3 ± 3%, p < 0.05). However, S displayed superior increases in peak torque in knee extension at an angular velocity of 240° sec−1 (E + S 8 ± 5%, S 15 ± 7%, p < 0.05) and maximal squat jump height (E + S 8 ± 6%, S 14 ± 7%, p < 0.05). Conclusions: In this study, concurrent training did not impair the adaptations in the ability to develop force at low contraction velocities or muscle hypertrophy. However, concurrent training attenuated strength training-associated changes in the ability to develop force at higher muscular contraction velocities.

• Vikmoen, Olav; Teien, Hilde Kristin; Raustøl, Marius Løvic; Aandstad, Anders; Tansø, Rita & Gulliksrud, Kristine (2020). Sex differences in the physiological response to a demanding military field exercise. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. ISSN 0905-7188. 30(8), p. 1348–1359. doi: 10.1111/sms.13689. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Purpose: To investigate sex differences in the effect of a military field exercise on physical performance, body composition, and blood biomarkers. Methods: Measurements were done in 23 male and 12 female conscripts before, and 0, 1, 3, 7, and 14 days after a 6‐day military field exercise. Results: During the field exercise, body mass decreased more in men (−6.5 ± 1.1 kg) than in women (−2.7 ± 0.7 kg), and muscle mass decreased only in men (−2.7 ± 1.0 kg). Body composition recovered within one week. Performance decreased, with no differences between men and women for countermovement jump (CMJ,‐19 ± 8 vs. −18 ± 11%), medicine ball throw (MBT, −11 ± 7 vs. −11 ± 7%), and an anaerobic performance test (EVAC, −55 ± 22 vs. −47 ± 31%, men and women, respectively). MBT and EVAC performance recovered within two weeks, whereas CMJ performance was still reduced in men (−17 ± 6%) and women (−9 ± 8%) after two weeks recovery, with a larger reduction in men. Both men and women decreased [IGF‐1] (−28 ± 9 vs. −41 ± 8%) and increased [cortisol] (26 ± 26 vs. 66 ± 93%, men and women, respectively) during the exercise. Most biomarkers returned to baseline values within one week. Conclusions: Men lost more body mass and muscle mass than women during a field exercise, but these differences did not lead to sex differences in changes in explosive strength and anaerobic performance. However, women recovered explosive strength in the legs faster than men.

View all works in Cristin

• Wiestad, Tor Helge; Vikmoen, Olav; Ranes, Maria; Thormodsen, Inger; Fluge, Øystein & Mella, Olav [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2023). EFFECTS OF HIGH VS. MODERATE INTENSITY COMBINED STRENGTH AND ENDURANCE TRAINING DURING CHEMOTHERAPY ON CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS, MUSCLE STRENGTH AND ENDURANCE IN WOMEN WITH BREAST CANCER.
• Vikmoen, Olav; Strandberg, Emelie ; Demmelmaier, Ingrid; Berntsen, Sveinung; Nordin, Karin & Raastad, Truls (2023). EFFECTS OF HEAVY-LOAD STRENGTH TRAINING DURING (NEO-)ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY ON CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS, MITOCHONDRIAL ENZYMES AND CAPILLARIES IN WOMEN WITH BREAST CANCER.
• Vikmoen, Olav; Teien, Hilde Kristin; Aandstad, Anders; Lander, Elise; Cumming, Kristoffer Toldnes & Helkala, Kirsi Marjaana (2021). Sex Differences in Changes in Body Composition, Physical Performance, and Muscle Fibers After a Strenuous Military Field Exercise.
• Mathisen, Therese Fostervold; Sollie, Ove Hukset; Vikmoen, Olav & Andersen, Terje (2021). Jonas Abrahamsen gikk opp 16 kg for å sykle raskere. Slik kan styrketrening hjelpe på utholdenhet. [Newspaper]. Aftenposten Sprek.

View all works in Cristin