Albin Paul Chilla Tenga

• Tenga, Albin; Mortensholm, Anders Eidem & O'Donoghue, Peter (2017). Opposition interaction in creating penetration during match play in elite soccer: evidence from UEFA champions league matches. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport. ISSN 2474-8668. 17(5), s. 802–812. doi: 10.1080/24748668.2017.1399326. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The aim of this study is to compare how penetrations were created between the Finalists and Non-finalists by assessing opposition interaction in elite soccer. Sample included data from 12 matches played from the round of 16 to the final of the UEFA Champions League season 2010/2011. Differences in creating dangerous penetrations were found only after controlling for the effects of opponent’s defensive balance. Three way repeated measures ANOVA revealed that the interaction of team status and opponent’s defensive balance had a meaningful effect on the percentage of penetrative ball actions into dangerous spaces (F2,20 = 2.9, p = 0.076, partial η2 = 0.227). Finalists performed a higher percentage of dangerous penetrative ball actions per match than Non-finalists when playing against an imbalanced defence (89.2 ± 14.0 vs. 77.6 ± 13.6), while Non-finalists performed a higher percentage when playing against balanced (25.8 ± 10.7 vs. 16.1 ± 12.5) and beginning imbalanced (32.8 ± 10.9 vs. 29.1 ± 9.2) defences. Results suggest that effective exploitation of spaces within and behind the last line of opponent’s defence is an important determinant of successful offensive performance in soccer. The assessment of opposition interaction is of critical importance when analysing elite soccer performance.

• Tenga, Albin; Zubillaga, Asier; Caro, Óscar & Fradua, Luis (2015). Explorative study on patterns of game structure in male and female matches from elite Spanish soccer. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport. ISSN 2474-8668. 15(1), s. 411–423. Vis sammendrag

  The aim of this study was to explore emergent patterns of game structure in male and female matches from elite soccer by using playing distances measured according to the ball location. Archive data based on carefully selected four male and four female matches from elite Spanish soccer seasons 2002-3, 2003-4 and 2004-5 were collected by help of AMISCO PRO® system. Differences across six ball locations were found in mean playing length (χ2 5=328.1 and 520.9, P<0.001) and playing width (χ2 5=39.6 and 26.9, P<0.001) from male and female matches, respectively. Both sexes displayed similar movements in playing length that vary with stretch-contraction-stretch patterns and in playing width that vary with opposite patterns of contraction-stretch-contraction, but these patterns varied to a significantly greater extent in male matches. For example, male matches (mean=44.93±8.34 m) produced significantly (U=128564.0, z=-8.2, P<0.001) longer playing width during transition phase in midfield compared with female matches (mean=41.80±8.00 m). Results suggest that female matches produced less favourable patterns of game structure with fewer penetration opportunities than male matches. Specific suggestions for coaching intervention were given. This study demonstrates the potential of analysing playing distances according to the ball location for studying patterns of game structure in real soccer matches.

• Tenga, Albin (2014). First goal and home advantage at different levels of play in professional soccer. I Peters, Derek Melville & O'Donoghue, Peter (Red.), Performance Analysis of Sport IX. Routledge. ISSN 978-0-415-64339-9. s. 45–56.
• Fradua, Luis; Zubillaga, Asier; Caro, Óscar; Fernández-García, Ángel Iván; Ruiz-Ruiz, Carlos & Tenga, Albin (2013). Designing small-sided games for training tactical aspects in soccer: Extrapolating pitch sizes from full-size professional matches. Journal of Sports Sciences. ISSN 0264-0414. 31(6), s. 573–581. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2012.746722. Vis sammendrag

  The aims of this study were to examine the 1) individual playing area, 2) length and width of the rectangle encompassing the individual playing area and 3) distance between the goalkeepers and their nearest team-mates during professional soccer matches and compare these to previously reported pitch sizes for small-sided games (SSGs). Data were collected from four Spanish La Liga matches of the 2002–03 season, and notated post-event using the Amisco® system. The pitch sizes obtained from real matches were smaller and different from those used previously for SSGs. In addition, the current pitch sizes show significant (P < 0.001) effect of ball location in all variables examined. For example, overall individual playing area (F [5, 2562] = 19.99, P < 0.001, η2 = 0.04) varied significantly across six different zones of the pitch. Based on these empirical results, pitch sizes with individual playing areas ranging from 65 m2 to 110 m2 and length to width ratio of 1:1 and 1:1.3 are generally recommended for training tactical aspects according to different phases of play. It is possible to design SSGs with a more valid representation of the tactical conditions experienced in full-size matches and their use may improve the training effect of tactical aspects of match performance in soccer.

• Tenga, Albin; Ronglan, Lars Tore & Sigmundstad, Einar (2013). Effects of sex, game format, and skill type on ball possession in Norwegian youth soccer. I Nunome, Hiroyuki; Drust, Barry & Dawson, Brian (Red.), Science and football VII : the proceedings of the seventh World Congress on Science and Football. Routledge. ISSN 978-0-415-68991-5. s. 305–310.
• Tenga, Albin (2013). Measuring effectiveness of zone-oriented defence on preventing goal scoring in professional soccer matches. I Nunome, Hiroyuki; Drust, Barry & Dawson, Brian (Red.), Science and football VII : the proceedings of the seventh World Congress on Science and Football. Routledge. ISSN 978-0-415-68991-5. s. 205–209.
• Tenga, Albin (2013). Soccer. I McGarry, Tim; O'Donohue, Peter & Sampaio, Jaime (Red.), Routledge handbook of sports performance analysis. Routledge. ISSN 978-0-415-67361-7. s. 323–337.
• Tenga, Albin & Sigmundstad, Einar (2011). Characteristics of goal-scoring possessions in open play : Comparing the top, in-between and bottom teams from professional soccer league. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport. ISSN 2474-8668. 11(3), s. 545–552. doi: 10.1080/24748668.2011.11868572. Vis sammendrag

  The purpose of this study was to compare how goals were scored from open play possessions between teams from the top three, in-between and bottom three positions of the final league-table in professional soccer. A sample of 997 goals scored from open play in the Norwegian top professional league during 2008, 2009 and 2010 seasons was analysed. Match performance analysis was performed on 10 variables based on four possession characteristics: type, number of passes, duration and starting zone. Results show that goals scored from counter attacks (P=0.001), possessions with 0-4 passes (P=0.005), possessions varied for 12 seconds or more (P=0.001 and P=0.012) and from possessions started in the midfield (P=0.002 and P=0.004) distinguished the bottom three teams. Only goals from possessions started in the midfield (P=0.013) managed to distinguish between the top three and in-between teams. The bottom three teams should consider more counter attacks with 0-4 passes and possessions of 12 seconds or more especially starting from the midfield zone in order to improve their goal scoring ability from open play possessions. And, in-between teams should consider more possessions starting from the midfield zone to raise their goal-scoring efficiency to the level of the top three teams.

• Tenga, Albin; Ronglan, Lars Tore & Bahr, Roald (2010). Measuring the effectiveness of offensive match-play in professional soccer. European Journal of Sport Science (EJSS). ISSN 1746-1391. 10(4), s. 269–277. doi: 10.1080/17461390903515170. Vis sammendrag

  The broader measures of offensive effectiveness, such as scoring opportunities and shots at goal, are commonly used as an alternative to goals scored due to the naturally low probability of scoring (about 1%) in soccer match-play. These measures may enable soccer practitioners to objectively see behind single match results, which are often influenced by chance. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between broader measures (scoring opportunities and score box possessions) and the ultimate measure (goals scored) of offensive effectiveness. We analysed data from videotapes of 163 of 182 (90%) matches played in the Norwegian men's professional league during the 2004 season. Multiple logistic regression analyses showed very similar results when comparing the effectiveness of different offensive tactics, regardless of which outcome was used. For example, counterattacks were more effective than elaborate attacks in producing goals (odds ratio OR=2.07, 95% confidence interval: 1.40 to 3.05), scoring opportunities (OR=2.30, 95% confidence interval: 1.28 to 4.15), and score box possessions (OR=2.12, 95% confidence interval: 1.39 to 3.25). The receiver-operating characteristic function statistical procedure was used to examine the association between each of the three measures of offensive effectiveness: scoring opportunities, score box possessions, and goals scored. No significant difference was observed between the area under the curve (AUC) for the broader measures (scoring opportunities and score box possessions) and the ultimate measure (goals scored) of offensive effectiveness. The 95% confidence interval of the AUC for both scoring opportunities (0.74-0.84) and score box possessions (0.68-0.76) includes the AUC for goals scored (0.74). Thus, the results are very similar regardless of which outcome measure for offensive effectiveness is used. This indicates that scoring opportunities and score box possessions (shooting opportunities) can be used as a proxy for goals scored when comparing the effectiveness of different playing tactics in soccer. Compared with goals scored, using scoring opportunities or score box possessions requires smaller match samples for meaningful analyses, and may therefore be more feasible alternatives.

• Tenga, Albin; Holme, Ingar Morten K; Ronglan, Lars Tore & Bahr, Roald (2010). Effects of match location on playing tactics for goal scoring in Norwegian professional soccer. Journal of Sport Behavior. ISSN 0162-7341. 33(1), s. 89–108. Vis sammendrag

  The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine the effect of match location on soccer playing tactics by assessing opponent interaction. The sample included 203 goals and 1688 random team possessions ("controls"). Multiple logistic regression analyses showed significant differences in the odds ratio for goal scoring in the interaction between playing tactics and match locations. For the variable "team possession type" (?²=5. 05, P=0.025), counter attack (24.5%) and elaborate attack (21.8%) produced goals in higher percentages of attempts at home than away (19.8% and 20.5%,), with counter attack being more effective than elaborate attack when playing against an imbalanced defence at home, but not away. Assessment of opponent interaction is critical to evaluate the effectiveness of playing tactics on the probability for scoring goals according to match location

• Tenga, Albin; Holme, Ingar Morten K; Ronglan, Lars Tore & Bahr, Roald (2010). Effect of playing tactics on achieving score-box possessions in a random series of team possessions from Norwegian professional soccer matches. Journal of Sports Sciences. ISSN 0264-0414. 28(3), s. 245–255. doi: 10.1080/02640410903502766. Vis sammendrag

  Methods of analysis that include an assessment of opponent interactions are thought to provide a more valid means of team match performance. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of playing tactics on achieving score-box possession by assessing opponent interactions in Norwegian elite soccer matches. We analysed a random series of 1703 team possessions from 163 of 182 (90%) matches played in the professional men's league during the 2004 season. Multidimensional qualitative data obtained from ten ordered categorical variables were used. Offensive tactics were more effective in producing score-box possessions when playing against an imbalanced defence (28.5%) than against a balanced defence (6.5%) (P < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression found that, for the main variable "team possession type'', counterattacks were more effective than elaborate attacks when playing against an imbalanced defence (odds ratio: 2.69

• Tenga, Albin; Holme, Ingar Morten K; Ronglan, Lars Tore & Bahr, Roald (2010). Effect of playing tactics on goal scoring in Norwegian professional soccer. Journal of Sports Sciences. ISSN 0264-0414. 28(3), s. 237–244. doi: 10.1080/02640410903502774. Vis sammendrag

  Methods that include an assessment of opponent interactions are thought to provide a more valid analysis of team match performance. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of playing tactics on goal scoring by assessing opponent interactions in Norwegian elite soccer. The sample included 203 team possessions leading to goals (cases) and 1688 random team possessions (control group) from 163 of 182 (90%) matches played in the men's professional league during the 2004 season. Multidimensional qualitative data using ten ordered categorical variables were obtained to characterize each team possession. The proportion of goals scored during counterattacks (52%) was higher than during elaborate attacks (48%), while for the control group the proportion using elaborate attacks (59%) was higher than when using counterattacks (41%) (P = 0.002). Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that, for the main variable ?team possession type?, counterattacks were more effective than elaborate attacks when playing against an imbalanced defence (OR = 1.64; 95% confidence interval: 1.03 to 2.61; P = 0.038). Assessment of opponent interactions is critical to evaluate the effectiveness of offensive playing tactics on the probability of scoring goals, and improves the validity of team match-performance analysis in soccer.

• Tenga, Albin; Bahr, Roald; Kanstad, Daniel & Ronglan, Lars Tore (2009). Developing a new method for team match performance analysis in professional soccer and testing its reliability. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport. ISSN 2474-8668. 9(1), s. 8–25. Vis sammendrag

  The purpose of this study was to develop a new method for analysis of team match performance in soccer and test its reliability from videotapes. Team match performance analysis, which includes qualitative evaluation of different dimensions of match performance involved in the opponent interaction, was developed by using 22 multidimensional categorical variables. This is thought to provide a more valid assessment of team match performance, since it is considered to be a product of the confrontation between two teams. To test inter- and intra-observer reliability, a random sample of 200 team possessions from videos of 163 out of 182 (90%) matches played in the Norwegian professional league in 2004 was analysed. Kappa coefficients (_k) values of 0.81-1.0 were conidered very good, 0.61-0.80 good, 0.41-0.60 moderate, 0.21-0.40 fair, and <0.21 poor. Kappa values were considerably better for the intra-observer test (16 (73%) very good, (23%) good and 1 (4%) moderate) than the inter-observer test (7 (32%) very good, 5 (23%) good, 7 (32%) moderate, 2 (9%) fair and 1 (4%) poor of 22 variables). A new method, representing a potentially valuable tool for more valid assessment of team match performance, has been developed as a reliable method for most variables used.

• Arnason, Arni; Tenga, Albin; Engebretsen, Lars & Bahr, Roald (2004). A prospective video-based analysis of injury situations in elite male football : football incident analysis. American Journal of Sports Medicine. ISSN 0363-5465. 32(6), s. 1459–1465.
• Andersen, Thor Einar; Bahr, Roald; Tenga, Albin & Engebretsen, Lars (2004). Video analysis of injuries and incidents in Norwegian professional football. British Journal of Sports Medicine. ISSN 0306-3674. 38(5), s. 626–631.
• Tenga, Albin (2003). Beyond movement intensity : a call for a more functional approach to time-motion analysis during soccer match play. ?. 1(2), s. 49–60.
• Tenga, Albin & Larsen, Øyvind (2003). Testing the validity of match analysis to describe playing styles in football. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport. ISSN 2474-8668. 3(2), s. 90–102. Vis sammendrag

  Purpose: To test the validity of match analysis by comparing its results with pre-established findings on playing styles. Methods: Single-match case design and combination of quantitative analysis and qualitative evaluation were used in this study. Kappa measure of agreement (k) was used in reliability testing before the present study. Alpha level of .01 or less was considered statistically significant. Results: Overall results show a difference in attacking styles (p < .0001) and a similarity in defending styles (p = .59) of Norway and Brazil. Further, indirect attacking strategies managed to distinguish the attacking styles of Norway and Brazil (p < .01). No difference was found between the effects of playing with high- versus low-pressure tactic, either in attack (p = .03) or defence (p = .15). Nevertheless, results of single variables registered clear tendencies that indicate agreement with pre-established observations. Interestingly, no difference was found between attacking strategies employed by Norway and Brazil during effective periods of the match, while the difference was found in indirect attacking strategies (p < .01) during less effective periods. Conclusions: Results of match analysis indicate overwhelming agreement with pre-established findings. The introduced method is therefore considered valid for describing playing styles in football.

• Andersen, Thor Einar; Bahr, Roald; Larsen, Øyvind; Tenga, Albin & Engebretsen, Lars (2003). Football incident analysis : a new video based method to describe injury mechanisms in professional football. British Journal of Sports Medicine. ISSN 0306-3674. 37(3), s. 226–232.
• Tenga, Albin (1999). Sovraccarichi per migliorare la prestazione dell´atleta. Teknosport. ISSN 1824-6141. s. 19–26.

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• Tenga, Albin (2017). Factors affecting sports performance: Effects of defensive team tactics on match performance in soccer WC 2014.
• Tenga, Albin (2016). Defensive team playing styles in soccer WC 2014: Comparative study of multiple cases.
• Tenga, Albin (2016). Increasing scoring certainty in soccer: Evidence from playing skills-related differences.
• Tenga, Albin & Sigmundstad, Einar (2015). Exploring scoring certainty in soccer: Relative influences of playing level, offensive skills & fatigue.
• Tenga, Albin & Jordet, Geir (2014). Forskningsnytt: Smålagsspill for trening taktik. Fotballtreneren. ISSN 0802-0906.
• Tenga, Albin; Zubillaga, Asier & Fradua, Luis (2014). Determining emergent patterns of game structure in male and female matches from elite Spanish soccer.
• Tenga, Albin & Sigmundstad, Einar (2013). Effects of playing level, passing sequence and fatigue on creating penetration prior to goal scoring in soccer.
• Tenga, Albin (2012). Fotballforskeren. Josimar : tidsskriftet om fotball. ISSN 1891-4276.
• Tenga, Albin (2012). First goal as a mechanism of home advantage in soccer.
• Tenga, Albin (2012). Match analysis research: Challenges and possibilities.
• Tenga, Albin (2012). First goal and home advantage at different levels of play in professional soccer.
• Tenga, Albin (2012). Creating penetration in soccer: Finalists vs. their opponents from UEFA CL season 2010/11.
• Tenga, Albin; Ronglan, Lars Tore & Sigmundstad, Einar (2011). Effects of gender, game format, and skill on ball possession in Norwegian youth soccer.
• Tenga, Albin (2011). Zone-oriented defence in professional soccer matches: does it really work?
• Tenga, Albin (2011). Concept of validity and its application to match performance analysis in soccer.
• Tenga, Albin & Sigmundstad, Einar (2011). Spillorganisering i fotball for å stimulere ferdighetsutvikling - Erfaring fra våre forskningsarbeid.
• Sigmundstad, Einar; Marcu, Sébastian & Tenga, Albin (2011). Treningsmetoder i barnefotball : effekten av to ulike treningsmetoder på utviklingen av fotballferdigheten. Fotballtreneren. ISSN 0802-0906. 25(2), s. 20–21.
• Tenga, Albin (2010). Concept of validity and its application to match analysis in soccer.
• Tenga, Albin; Ronglan, Lars Tore & Bahr, Roald (2009). Beyond match results: Intermediate measures of effectiveness and their relative ability to explain goal scoring in soccer.
• Tenga, Albin; Kanstad, Daniel; Ronglan, Lars Tore & Bahr, Roald (2008). Developing and testing the reliability of team match performance analysis in professional football.
• Tenga, Albin (2006). Developing and testing the reliability of team match performance analysis in professional football. Vis sammendrag

  Engelsk

• Tenga, Albin (2003). Time-motion analysis in football: methodological challenges.
• Bahr, Roald; Andersen, Thor Einar; Tenga, Albin & Engebretsen, Lars (2003). Rule violation as a cause of injury in male Norwegian soccer : are the referees doing their job?
• Andersen, Thor Einar; Larsen, Øyvind; Tenga, Albin; Bahr, Roald & Engebretsen, Lars (2003). Football incident analysis in male Norwegian professional soccer : a prospective video analysis.
• Andersen, Thor Einar; Tenga, Albin; Engebretsen, Lars & Bahr, Roald (2002). Regelbrudd som årsak til skader i fotball - gjør dommeren jobben sin?
• Andersen, Thor Einar; Larsen, Øyvind; Tenga, Albin; Engebretsen, Lars & Bahr, Roald (2002). Prospektiv videoanalyse av skader og hendelser i Tippeligaen 2000 - football incident analysis (FIA).
• O'Donoghue, P.G. & Tenga, Albin (2001). The effect of score-line on work rate in elite soccer. Journal of Sports Sciences. ISSN 0264-0414. 19(1), s. 25–26.
• Tenga, Albin (2000). Match analysis for the study of soccer injuries.
• Tenga, Albin & Larsen, Øyvind (1998). A new method for a comprehensive analysis of a soccer match-play. Vis sammendrag

  Introducing a new method to study the relationship between teams' mat ch performance and players' movement capasity, consisting of two tech niques combined with identical time code: 1) Match performance analys is 2) Movement-intensity analysis.

• Tenga, Albin & Sigmundstad, Einar (2015). Pilotstudie av spillformers betydning for spilleres spill-involvering i 9ér og 11ér ungdomsfotball . Forskningssenter for barne- og ungdomsidrett (FOBU), NIH.
• Ronglan, Lars Tore; Tenga, Albin & Sigmundstad, Einar (2012). Studie av spillformer med og uten frisone i femmer- og sjuerfotball . Forskningssenter for Trening og Prestasjon (FTP), NIH.
• Tenga, Albin (2010). Reliability and validity of match performance analysis in soccer : a multidimensional qualitative evaluation of opponent interaction. Norges idrettshøgskole. ISSN 9788250204423.
• Ronglan, Lars Tore; Tenga, Albin & Sigmundstad, Einar (2010). Spillorganisering i barne- og ungdomsfotballen: ulike spillformers betydning for barnas involvering . Forskningssenter for Trening og Prestasjon (FTP), NIH.

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