The students must be able to:

• identify the responsibilities of a PT regarding ethics, marketing, sales, service, regulations and insurance.
• assess clients through anamnesis, observation and posture analysis.
• measure clients' body composition, endurance, strength and agility.
• provide clients with realistic goals.
• design customized workout plans (period plans and session plans) supported by scientific research on endurance, strength, agility and motor skills.
• provide motivating, goal oriented, effective and safe personal training methods for the clients, including being a good spotter.
• provide nutritional guidelines and weight manipulation techniques.
• apply coaching techniques when working with PT clients.
• conduct a PT session without access to conventional machines and weights.
• identify the scope of their qualifications and when to refer clients to health professionals.
• follow research and scientific development and review fitness literature critically.

The students must attend a minimum of 80% of the practical training sessions.

The students are graded on their individual practical examinations from A to F.
The examination process:

• Design a written workout plan based on given cases. To be handed in one week prior to the practical examination.
• Practical examination (25 minutes); Conducting a PT session based on the workout plan.
• Oral examination of the practical session (25 minutes).

BOOKS:
Raastad, T. Paulsen, G., Refsnes, P. E., Rønnestad, B. R. & Wisnes, A. R. (2010).
Stykrektrening: I teori og praksis. Oslo: Gyldendal Undervisning.
Chap. 4,8,13,14,16 og 19 skal leses:
You will find the book in the Library here: BIBSYS Ask

Thompson, W. R. (Ed.). (2010). ACSM`s resources for the personal trainer (3rd ed.). Philadelphia: American College of Sports Medicine.
You will find the book in the Library here: BIBSYS Ask
The Library also has the newest edition for loan (4th ed., 2014), here: BIBSYS Ask


PAPER COLLECTION:
Haakstad, L.A.H. (Red.). (2012). FAH348: Personal Trainer: 2013-2014. (Artikkelsamling). Oslo: Norges idrettshøgskole.
You have to buy this one at the Service Center.
- The Library has most of the articles online.

NB! To open electronic articles off campus, you must use the following VPN connection:
http://www.nih.no/bibliotek/ressurser/tilgang-hjemmefra

The Paper Collections' references:
ACSM:
American College of Sports Medicine (2009a). Nutrition and athletic. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exerise, 41(3), 709-731.
This article is available online: Click here to download
If you a have problem with the online link, search for the article here: BIBSYS Ask
Click on Ovid.

American College of Sports Medicine (2009b). Position of the American Dietetic Association: Weight management. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 109(2), 330-346.
This article is available online: Click here to download
If you a have problem with the online link, search for the article here: BIBSYS Ask
Click on ScienceDirect

Donnelly, J.E., Blair, S.N., Jakicic, J.M., Manore, M.M., Rankin, J.W. & Smith, B.K. (2009). American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand. Appropriate physical activity intervention strategies for weight loss and prevention of weight regain for adults. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 41(2), 459-471.
This article is available online: Click here to download
If you a have problem with the online link, search for the article here: BIBSYS Ask
Click on Ovid.

Pollock, M.L., Gaesser, G.A., Butcher, J.D., Després, J.-P., Dishman, R.K., Franklin, B.A. et al. (1998). ACSM Position Stand: The recommended quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, and flexibility in healthy adults. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(6), 975-991
This article is available online: Click here to download
If you a have problem with the online link, search for the article here: BIBSYS Ask
Click on Ovid.

Bevegelighetstrening:
Mahieu, N.N., McNair, P., Cools, A., D'Haen, C., Vandermeulen, K. & Witvrouw, E. (2008). Effect of eccentric training on the plantar flexor muscle-tendon tissue properties. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 40(1), 117-123.
This article is available online: Click here to download
If you a have problem with the online link, search for the article here: BIBSYS Ask
Click on Ovid.

Mahieu, N.N., Cools, A., De, W.B., Boon, M. & Witvrouw, E. (2009). Effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching on the plantar flexor muscle-tendon tissue properties. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 19(4), 553-560.
This article is available online: Click here to download
If you a have problem with the online link, search for the article here: BIBSYS Ask
Click on Swets or EBSCO SPORTDiscus Fulltext or BlackwellSynergy

Sharman, M.J., Cresswell, A.G. & Riek, S. (2006). Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching: Mechanisms and clinical implications. Sports Medicine, 36(11), 929-939.
This article is available online: Click here to download
If you a have problem with the online link, search for the article here: BIBSYS Ask
Click on link.springer.com or EBSCO SPORTDiscus Fulltext or Swets

Effekt av PT:
Davison, L.L. (2008). Embodying the therapeutic alliance: An exploration of the working alliance in the personal trainer-client relationship. Northampton, Ma.: Smith College School for Social Work.
This article is available online: Click here to download

Mazzetti, S.A., Kraemer, W.J., Volek, J.S., Duncan, N.D., Ratamess, N.A., Gomez, A.L. et al. (2000). The influence of direct supervision of resistance training on strength performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 32(6), 1175-1184.
This article is available online: Click here to download
If you have problem with the online link, search for the article here: BIBSYS Ask
Click on Ovid.

Ratamess, N.A., Faigenbaum, A.D., Hoffman, J.R. & Kang, J. (2008). Self-selected resistance training intensity in healthy women: The influence of a personal trainer. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22(1), 103-111.
This article is available online: Click here to download
If you have problem with the online link, search for the article here: BIBSYS Ask
Click on ProQuest or Lippincott

Periodisering:
Haff, G.G. (2004). Roundtable discussion: Periodization of training - Part 1. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 26(1), 50-69.
This article is available online: Click here to download
If you have problem with the online link, search for the article here: BIBSYS Ask
Click on EBSCO SPORTDiscus Fulltext

Haff, G.G. (2004). Roundtable discussion: Periodization of training - Part 2. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 26(2), 56-70.
This article is not available online, but you can take a copy from the paper edition.
Order from here: BIBSYS Ask

Styrketrening:
American College of Sports Medicine (2009). Progression models in resistance training for healthy adults. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 41(3), 687-708.

This article is available online: Click here to download
If you a have problem with the online link, search for the article here: BIBSYS Ask
Click on Ovid.

Fatouros, I.G., Kambas, A., Katrabasas, I., Leontsini, D., Chatzinikolaou, A., Jamurtas, A. Z. et al. (2006). Resistance training and detraining effects on flexibility performance in the elderly are intensity-dependent. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 20(3), 634-642.
This article is available online: Click here to download
If you have problem with the online link, search for the article here: BIBSYS Ask
Click on ProQuest or Lippincott or EBSCO SPORTDiscus Fulltext

Raastad, T. (2004). Styrketrening: Hva bestemmer vår styrke, og hvordan påvirker vi disse faktorene ved trening? Oslo: Norges idrettshøgskole.
This article is available online: Click here to download

Wernbom, M., Augustsson, J. & Thomee, R. (2007). The influence of frequency, intensity, volume and mode of strength training on whole muscle cross-sectional area in humans. Sports Medicine, 37(3), 225-264.
This article is available online: Click here to download
If you a have problem with the online link, search for the article here: BIBSYS Ask
Click on link.springer.com or EBSCO SPORTDiscus Fulltext or Swets

Utholdenhetstrening:
Bassett, D. R. Jr. & Howley, E. T. (2000). Limiting factors for maximum oxygen uptake and determinants of endurance performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 32(1), 70-84.
This article is available online: Click here to download
If you a have problem with the online link, search for the article here: BIBSYS Ask
Click on Ovid.

Helgerud, J., Hoydal, K., Wang, E., Karlsen, T., Berg, P., Bjerkaas, M. et al. (2007). Aerobic high-intensity intervals improve VO2max more than moderate training. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 39(4), 665-671.
This article is available online: Click here to download
If you a have problem with the online link, search for the article here: BIBSYS Ask
Click on Ovid.

Laursen, P. B. & Jenkins, D. G. (2002). The scientific basis for high-intensity interval training: optimising training programmes and maximising performance in highly trained endurance athletes. Sports Medicine, 32(1), 53-73.
This article is available online: Click here to download
If you a have problem with the online link, search for the article here: BIBSYS Ask
Click on link.springer.com or EBSCO SPORTDiscus Fulltext or Swets

Sæterdal, R. et al. (2005). Prestasjonsfremmende faktorer i aerobe utholdenhetsidretter. Fagnytt (Friidrettens trenerforening), 1, 4-17.
This article is not available online. You can take a copy from the paper edition.
Order from here: BIBSYS Ask

Kroppssammensetning:
Salmi, J.A. (2003). Body composition assessment with segmental multifrequency bioimpedance method. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 2(Suppl.3), 1-29.
This article is available online: Click here to download
If you a have problem with the online link, you have to order a copy from here: BIBSYS Ask

Svangerkap og trening:
Olson, D., Sikka, R. S., Hayman, J., Novak, M. & Stavig, C. (2009). Exercise in pregnancy. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 8(3), 147-153.
This article is available online: Click here to download
If you a have problem with the online link, search for the article here: BIBSYS Ask
Click on EBSCO SPORTDiscus Fulltext or Lippincott